Halitosis—persistent bad breath—is more common than many people realize, and the concern it causes is real. In fact, concern and embarrassment about halitosis is estimated to be the third most frequent reason patients seek dental care, following tooth decay and gum disease. If you've ever worried about your breath, avoided close conversations, or felt self-conscious in social situations, you're not alone. The good news? Halitosis is often treatable once we identify the cause. Here's what you need to know.
What Is Halitosis?
Halitosis is a condition where an extremely unpleasant odor is noticed on the exhaled breath. It's important to note: not everyone who thinks they have halitosis actually has a genuine problem. Studies suggest that 5–72% of people who believe they have bad breath show no objective signs when professionally examined—a condition sometimes called "halitophobia." For those who do have genuine halitosis, the odor is often caused by bacteria present below the gumline and on the back of the tongue. These bacteria produce sulfur compounds that create the characteristic smell. The remaining cases are accounted for by a variety of other conditions, including disorders in the nasal cavity, sinuses, throat, lungs, esophagus, stomach, or elsewhere. Tonsilloliths (tonsil stones) may also be a possible cause.
Common Causes
Understanding the source is the first step toward treatment. Common causes include:
- Bacteria below the gumline and on the back of the tongue — The majority of halitosis cases originate in the mouth. These areas can harbor bacteria that are difficult to remove with routine brushing.
- Gum disease and periodontal infections — Inflamed or infected gums can produce persistent odors.
- Disorders in the nasal cavity, sinuses, throat, lungs, esophagus, or stomach — Systemic or respiratory conditions can contribute to bad breath.
- Tonsilloliths (tonsil stones) — Calcified material in the tonsils can cause noticeable odor.
- Dry mouth — Saliva helps cleanse the mouth; reduced flow can allow bacteria to flourish.
- Diet, tobacco, and certain medications — Lifestyle factors can play a role.
Get a Confidential Evaluation
If halitosis is affecting your confidence or your relationships, you don't have to live with it. Contact our office today for a confidential evaluation. We'll help identify the cause and create a treatment plan tailored to you. You'll be glad you did—once you have the peace of mind that comes from addressing this very personal concern with a caring, professional team.